Djibouti is a small country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west and southwest, and Somalia to the southeast. Djibouti has a strategic location at the entrance to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, making it a significant hub for international trade and shipping. The country has a diverse population with various ethnic groups, and the official languages are Arabic and French. Djibouti’s economy relies heavily on its port facilities, transportation services, and international military presence. The country also boasts unique natural landscapes, including volcanic formations and stunning coastal areas.

ABOUT

Djibouti, officially known as the Republic of Djibouti, is a small country located in the Horn of Africa. With a land area of approximately 23,200 square kilometers (8,958 square miles), it is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west and southwest, and Somalia to the southeast. Djibouti is strategically positioned at the entrance to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, making it a vital maritime gateway for international trade and a crucial link between Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

Djibouti has a rich history that dates back thousands of years. The area has been inhabited by various ethnic groups, including the Afar people and the Issa and Gadabuursi clans of the Somali people. Over the centuries, Djibouti has been influenced by ancient civilizations, such as the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and the Ottoman Empire. In the 19th century, European powers, particularly France, established colonial influence in the region, which lasted until Djibouti gained independence on June 27, 1977.

Today, Djibouti is a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural nation with a population of over one million people. The two main ethnic groups are the Afar and the Somali, with Arabic and French being the official languages. The country’s capital and largest city is Djibouti City, situated along the eastern coast.

Djibouti’s geographic location and natural resources have contributed to its economic development. The country’s economy relies heavily on its port facilities, which are among the busiest in Africa, serving as a key transit point for goods from Ethiopia, South Sudan, and other landlocked African countries. Djibouti’s ports handle a significant portion of international trade, particularly with the Arabian Peninsula, Europe, and Asia.

In recent years, Djibouti has also sought to diversify its economy by investing in infrastructure projects, including the construction of railway lines, pipelines, and free trade zones. The country has positioned itself as a regional logistics hub and aims to become the “Singapore of Africa,” attracting foreign investment and fostering economic growth.

Furthermore, Djibouti has emerged as a prominent military base location, hosting military installations of several international powers, including the United States, France, China, and Japan. Its strategic position near the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, which connects the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden, makes Djibouti a crucial site for maintaining regional security and combating piracy and terrorism in the waters off the Horn of Africa.

Despite its small size, Djibouti boasts unique natural landscapes and biodiversity. The country features a diverse range of habitats, from volcanic formations, rugged mountains, and arid deserts to pristine beaches and stunning coral reefs along the coastline. Djibouti is also home to various wildlife species, including antelopes, gazelles, baboons, and a remarkable array of marine life in the Gulf of Tadjoura and the Red Sea.

In addition to its natural beauty, Djibouti offers cultural attractions and historical sites for visitors to explore. The city of Tadjoura, for example, showcases traditional Arab and African architecture, while the ancient town of Obock provides insights into the colonial history of the region. The Day Forest National Park, Lake Assal (the lowest point in Africa), and the Ardoukoba Volcano are among the natural wonders that captivate tourists.

While Djibouti faces various challenges, including poverty, unemployment, and limited access to education and healthcare, the country has made progress in recent years. It has implemented initiatives to promote economic diversification, improve infrastructure, and enhance regional cooperation. Djibouti’s strategic location, growing economy, and natural beauty make it an intriguing destination in the Horn of Africa, attracting visitors and investors alike.

NAME AND ETYMOLOGY

The name “Djibouti” has its origins in the Afar language, one of the main ethnic groups in the country. The term “Djibouti” is believed to have derived from the Afar word “Gabouti,” which translates to “Land of the Nomads” or “Land of the Gabou.”

The Afar people, who have inhabited the region for centuries, have a nomadic pastoralist lifestyle, moving their livestock across vast territories in search of water and grazing lands. The name “Djibouti” reflects the historical significance of the land as a hub for nomadic tribes and their migratory routes.

During the colonial period, the French arrived in the region and established a presence, eventually naming the territory French Somaliland. However, after gaining independence in 1977, the country adopted the name Djibouti to reclaim its cultural and historical identity.

The name “Djibouti” not only signifies the country’s connection to its indigenous people but also serves as a symbol of national pride and sovereignty. It represents the diverse ethnic groups and rich cultural heritage that define the nation of Djibouti today.

HISTORY

The history of Djibouti stretches back thousands of years, with the region being inhabited by various ancient civilizations and experiencing influences from different empires and colonial powers.

Ancient and Medieval Periods: The area now known as Djibouti has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Archaeological findings suggest that the region was home to early human settlements as far back as the Neolithic period. The Afar people, who are believed to have ancestral roots in the region, have inhabited the area for thousands of years.

The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans had trading relations with the coastal regions of present-day Djibouti, with Egyptian records referring to the land as “Punt” or “Ta Netjeru” (Land of the Gods). Greek and Roman merchants established trading posts and colonies along the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, bringing cultural and economic exchanges to the region.

The region later came under the influence of the Axumite Empire, which was based in present-day Ethiopia and Eritrea. Axum ruled over the coastal areas, including modern Djibouti, during the early centuries of the Common Era. The spread of Islam in the 7th century brought significant changes to the region, with Arab traders and Islamic missionaries establishing communities and spreading their religion.

Colonial Period: In the 19th century, European powers began to exert their influence in the region. French interest in the area grew due to its strategic location along the Red Sea and the potential for trade routes to India. In 1862, the French established a settlement at Obock, which served as a base for French expeditions in the area. In 1888, the French Somaliland territory was officially created, encompassing present-day Djibouti.

During the colonial era, Djibouti experienced economic growth, mainly driven by the development of a railroad linking Djibouti to Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia. The French administration invested in infrastructure and established Djibouti City as the capital, developing it as a port city and military base.

Independence and Modern Era: After a long struggle for independence, Djibouti gained independence from France on June 27, 1977. The country adopted the name Republic of Djibouti and became a member of the United Nations. Hassan Gouled Aptidon, who had led the independence movement, became the first President of Djibouti.

In the early years of independence, Djibouti faced challenges in establishing a stable economy and political system. The country relied heavily on foreign assistance, particularly from France and other Arab nations. Despite these challenges, Djibouti gradually strengthened its institutions and pursued economic diversification.

Djibouti’s strategic location continued to play a significant role in its development. The country attracted foreign investment and established itself as a regional hub for trade, logistics, and services. The port facilities in Djibouti became crucial for international trade, particularly for landlocked countries in the region, such as Ethiopia and South Sudan.

In recent years, Djibouti has experienced an infrastructure boom, with significant investments in railway lines, ports, airports, and free trade zones. The country has sought to position itself as a gateway to Africa and attract foreign investors. This has resulted in increased economic activity and the establishment of partnerships with countries such as China, which has constructed a military base in Djibouti.

Djibouti also plays a vital role in regional security. The country hosts military installations of several international powers, including the United States, France, China, and Japan. These military bases contribute to stability in the region and help combat piracy and terrorism in the waters off the Horn of Africa.

Despite its small size and various challenges, Djibouti continues to make strides in areas such as infrastructure development, education, and healthcare. The country’s rich cultural heritage, strategic location, and natural beauty make it an intriguing destination for visitors and investors alike.

GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS

Djibouti operates under a semi-presidential republic system, where the President of the Republic serves as the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government. The political landscape in Djibouti has witnessed stability and progress in recent years, characterized by positive developments in governance and political participation.

Djibouti has made notable strides towards democratic processes and inclusivity. The country has held regular elections, and while challenges remain, efforts have been made to ensure a fair and transparent electoral system. Political parties operate freely, allowing for a diverse range of voices and ideas to be represented in the political arena.

The government of Djibouti has shown a commitment to promoting economic development and improving the well-being of its citizens. Significant investments have been made in infrastructure projects, such as ports, railways, and free trade zones, which have attracted foreign investment and boosted trade opportunities. These initiatives contribute to the growth of the national economy and create job opportunities for the population.

Djibouti’s government has actively pursued regional integration and cooperation, playing a constructive role in promoting peace and stability in the Horn of Africa. The country has been involved in mediating conflicts and fostering dialogue between neighboring nations, contributing to the overall regional development and security.

Efforts to enhance social welfare and quality of life in Djibouti have been a priority for the government. Advances have been made in areas such as education and healthcare, with investments in infrastructure and the expansion of educational institutions and medical facilities. These improvements aim to provide accessible and quality services to the population, ultimately improving the living standards of Djiboutian citizens.

Djibouti has also demonstrated a commitment to sustainable development and environmental preservation. The country has taken steps to address environmental challenges, such as water scarcity and land degradation, through initiatives promoting renewable energy, water conservation, and sustainable agriculture. Djibouti’s efforts align with global sustainability goals and contribute to the preservation of its unique natural landscapes.

Moreover, Djibouti has been an active participant in international organizations and has sought to strengthen its diplomatic relations with countries worldwide. By engaging in diplomacy, Djibouti has increased its visibility and influence on the global stage, opening avenues for international cooperation and partnerships that benefit the country’s development.

Overall, Djibouti’s government and political landscape have shown positive progress in recent years. With a focus on democratic processes, economic development, regional cooperation, social welfare, and sustainability, the country is working towards a brighter future for its citizens and establishing itself as a responsible global player.

ECONOMY

Djibouti’s economy has experienced significant growth and transformation in recent years, positioning the country as a key player in regional trade, logistics, and services. The economy of Djibouti is characterized by its strategic location, favorable business environment, and a strong focus on infrastructure development.

Djibouti’s strategic geographic position at the entrance to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden has made it a vital maritime gateway connecting Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. The country’s ports, particularly the Port of Djibouti, are among the busiest in Africa and serve as important transit points for international trade. Djibouti’s favorable location has attracted numerous shipping companies and logistics providers, contributing significantly to its economic growth.

The services sector plays a crucial role in Djibouti’s economy, accounting for a significant portion of its GDP. Djibouti has established itself as a regional hub for financial services, telecommunications, and other business services. The country has made efforts to improve its business environment, including streamlining bureaucracy, implementing investor-friendly policies, and promoting public-private partnerships. These measures have attracted foreign investment and fostered an environment conducive to business growth and innovation.

Furthermore, Djibouti has invested heavily in infrastructure development, positioning itself as an important transportation and logistics hub. The country has constructed modern railway lines, including the Ethio-Djibouti Railway, which connects Djibouti to landlocked Ethiopia and facilitates trade between the two countries. Djibouti also hosts an international airport with modern facilities, serving as a gateway for air travel in the region.

In recent years, Djibouti has embarked on ambitious development projects, including the establishment of free trade zones and industrial parks. These initiatives aim to attract foreign investment, create employment opportunities, and diversify the economy. Djibouti has also shown interest in renewable energy, particularly wind and solar power, as part of its sustainable development agenda.

Djibouti’s economy has been bolstered by its role as a regional logistics and transportation hub. Landlocked countries in the region, such as Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Somalia, rely on Djibouti’s ports and transportation infrastructure for their international trade. Djibouti’s favorable business environment, coupled with its strong transportation network, has positioned it as a preferred choice for regional trade and investment.

The government of Djibouti has actively pursued economic partnerships and collaborations with other countries and international organizations. Notably, China has invested significantly in Djibouti’s infrastructure development, including the construction of ports, free trade zones, and a railway line. These investments have contributed to Djibouti’s economic growth and created employment opportunities.

However, it is important to note that despite the positive developments, Djibouti still faces challenges in achieving inclusive and sustainable growth. The country grapples with poverty, unemployment, and income inequality. Efforts are being made to address these issues, including investments in education, healthcare, and social welfare programs.

In conclusion, Djibouti’s economy has witnessed remarkable growth and transformation, driven by its strategic location, infrastructure development, and favorable business environment. The country’s focus on trade, logistics, and services, coupled with its commitment to sustainable development, positions Djibouti as an important player in regional and global commerce. Continued investments in infrastructure, diversification of the economy, and inclusive development are crucial for Djibouti’s long-term economic success.

GEOGRAPHY

Djibouti is a small country located in the Horn of Africa. It is situated on the eastern coast of the continent, bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west and southwest, and Somalia to the southeast. Djibouti’s geographic location is strategically significant, as it serves as the gateway to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, connecting Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

The country has a total land area of approximately 23,200 square kilometers (8,958 square miles) and a coastline stretching for about 314 kilometers (195 miles) along the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Djibouti’s terrain is diverse, featuring a combination of coastal plains, rugged mountains, volcanic plateaus, and deserts.

The northern part of Djibouti is dominated by the Grand Bara Desert and the Petit Bara Desert, characterized by arid and sandy expanses. The central region consists of the Goda Mountains, which are part of the Afar Triangle. These mountains include rugged peaks, deep valleys, and volcanic formations such as Mount Moussa Ali, which is the highest point in Djibouti, standing at approximately 2,028 meters (6,654 feet) above sea level.

The southern part of Djibouti is marked by the Gulf of Tadjoura, a deep inlet of the Gulf of Aden. It is known for its picturesque coastline, pristine beaches, and diverse marine life. The Day Forest National Park, located near the Gulf of Tadjoura, is a notable natural reserve that preserves a unique blend of woodland, coastal plains, and wetlands, providing habitat for various species of flora and fauna.

Djibouti experiences a hot desert climate, characterized by high temperatures and minimal rainfall. The country has two main seasons: a hot and dry season from May to September, and a relatively cooler season from October to April. Average temperatures range from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius (77 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit), with coastal areas experiencing higher humidity levels.

Djibouti’s geographic location near the meeting point of three tectonic plates makes it geologically active. The region is part of the Great Rift Valley, a geological fault line that extends across eastern Africa. As a result, Djibouti experiences occasional seismic activity, with volcanic eruptions occurring in the past.

The country’s geographical location has contributed to its significance as a transportation and trade hub. Djibouti’s major port, the Port of Djibouti, is one of the busiest ports in Africa and serves as a gateway for landlocked countries in the region, facilitating their import and export activities.

In conclusion, Djibouti’s geography is diverse and remarkable, encompassing deserts, mountains, coastline, and volcanic formations. Its strategic location at the crossroads of international trade routes makes it a crucial hub for commerce, while its natural landscapes offer unique opportunities for tourism and preservation of biodiversity.

TRANSPORT

Transportation in Djibouti is primarily focused on facilitating trade and connecting the country with its neighboring nations. The transportation infrastructure in Djibouti has undergone significant development in recent years, aimed at enhancing connectivity, promoting regional integration, and boosting economic growth.

• Ports: Djibouti’s ports are a vital component of its transportation network. The Port of Djibouti, located in Djibouti City, is the country’s main seaport and one of the busiest ports in Africa. It serves as a major transshipment hub for goods entering and exiting the region. Djibouti also has additional ports, including the Doraleh Container Terminal and the Tadjourah Port, which further support trade and maritime activities.
• Railway: The Ethio-Djibouti Railway, also known as the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, is a crucial transportation link connecting Djibouti with its landlocked neighbor, Ethiopia. This modern railway line, completed in 2018, stretches for approximately 752 kilometers (467 miles) from Addis Ababa to Djibouti City. It facilitates the movement of goods, passengers, and imports and exports between the two countries, providing an efficient alternative to road transport.
• Roads: Djibouti has a road network that connects major cities and towns within the country, as well as border crossings to neighboring nations. The main highway, known as the Djibouti-Addis Ababa Road, is a significant route for trade and transportation between Djibouti and Ethiopia. Efforts have been made to improve road infrastructure, including the construction and rehabilitation of key roadways, to enhance connectivity and facilitate domestic and regional travel.
• Airports: Djibouti’s main international airport is the Djibouti-Ambouli International Airport, located in Djibouti City. It serves as the primary gateway for air travel in the country and handles both domestic and international flights. The airport connects Djibouti with various destinations in Africa, the Middle East, and beyond. Additionally, Djibouti has smaller regional airports, such as the Tadjoura Airport and the Obock Airport, which provide air access to other parts of the country.
• Cross-Border Trade: Djibouti plays a crucial role in facilitating cross-border trade with its neighboring countries, particularly Ethiopia. Trucking and freight services are essential for transporting goods between Djibouti’s ports and landlocked countries, utilizing the road network connecting Djibouti to Ethiopia and other nations in the region.

It is important to note that while Djibouti has made significant progress in developing its transportation infrastructure, there are still ongoing efforts to further improve and expand the network. These developments aim to enhance connectivity, support economic growth, and promote Djibouti as a regional logistics and trade hub.

INDUSTRY SECTORS

Djibouti’s economy is driven by several key industry sectors, each playing a significant role in the country’s development and economic growth. These sectors contribute to job creation, revenue generation, and the overall expansion of Djibouti’s economy.

• Port and Logistics Services: Djibouti’s strategic location at the entrance to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden has positioned it as a major hub for maritime trade and logistics. The country’s ports, particularly the Port of Djibouti and the Doraleh Container Terminal, are crucial transit points for goods entering and exiting the region. Djibouti’s logistics services include storage, freight forwarding, and customs clearance, supporting international trade and attracting foreign investment.
• Transportation and Transit Services: Djibouti’s transportation sector plays a vital role in connecting the country with its landlocked neighbors, particularly Ethiopia. The Ethio-Djibouti Railway, along with road transport networks, facilitate the movement of goods, passengers, and imports and exports between Djibouti and other countries in the region. Djibouti’s airports, such as Djibouti-Ambouli International Airport, also contribute to the transportation and transit services sector.
• Free Trade Zones: Djibouti has established free trade zones, such as the Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (DIFTZ) and the Djibouti Free Zone (DFZ). These zones provide incentives and a favorable business environment for international companies to establish operations, conduct manufacturing and assembly activities, and benefit from tax breaks and simplified customs procedures. The development of free trade zones has contributed to attracting foreign direct investment and promoting economic diversification.
• Energy and Utilities: Djibouti has been investing in the development of its energy sector, with a focus on renewable energy sources. The country has potential for wind and solar energy generation, and projects are underway to harness these resources. Djibouti is working towards reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting sustainable energy production. Additionally, the provision of utilities such as water and electricity is essential for supporting industrial and commercial activities.
• Tourism and Hospitality: Djibouti’s natural landscapes, including pristine beaches, coral reefs, and unique geological formations, have the potential to attract tourists. Efforts are being made to develop the tourism sector, including the construction of hotels and resorts, promotion of ecotourism, and preservation of natural sites. Tourism and hospitality services contribute to job creation and diversification of the economy.
• Financial Services: Djibouti serves as a regional financial center, offering banking, insurance, and other financial services. The country’s stable economic environment and favorable regulatory framework have attracted both domestic and international financial institutions to establish a presence in Djibouti. These services support trade, investment, and economic growth.
• Construction and Infrastructure: Djibouti’s ongoing infrastructure development projects, including the construction of ports, railway lines, roads, and industrial parks, have created opportunities in the construction sector. Local and international companies are involved in infrastructure projects, contributing to job creation and economic growth.

It is important to note that Djibouti continues to diversify its economy and explore new sectors, such as agriculture and fisheries, to further expand its industrial base and stimulate sustainable development. The government of Djibouti has implemented policies and initiatives to attract investment, promote private sector participation, and support the growth of these industry sectors.

DEMOGRAPHICS

Djibouti is home to a diverse population, with a variety of ethnic groups and languages represented. The demographics of Djibouti reflect the country’s strategic location at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

• Ethnic Groups: The two main ethnic groups in Djibouti are the Afar and the Somali. The Afar people predominantly inhabit the northern regions of the country, while the Somali people are primarily found in the south and southeast. These two groups form the majority of the population, with the Afar accounting for about 35% and the Somali around 60%. Other smaller ethnic groups include the Issa, Gadabuursi, and Arab communities.
• Languages: The official languages of Djibouti are Arabic and French. Arabic is widely spoken and serves as the primary language of administration, commerce, and education. French, a legacy of Djibouti’s colonial past, is also used in official capacities and is taught in schools. Somali and Afar are the most widely spoken indigenous languages, reflecting the ethnic composition of the population.
• Religion: Islam is the predominant religion in Djibouti, with approximately 98% of the population identifying as Muslims. Islam is deeply ingrained in the cultural and social fabric of the country, influencing various aspects of daily life, including family traditions, social norms, and religious practices.
• Urbanization: Djibouti has experienced significant urbanization, with a majority of the population residing in urban areas. The capital city, Djibouti City, is the largest urban center and serves as the economic and administrative hub of the country. Other significant urban areas include Ali Sabieh, Tadjourah, and Dikhil.
• Population Growth: Djibouti has witnessed steady population growth over the years. The population has increased due to factors such as high fertility rates, improved healthcare services, and inward migration from neighboring countries. The population growth rate is estimated to be around 2% per year, contributing to the country’s evolving demographic landscape.
• Youth Population: Djibouti has a relatively young population, with a significant proportion of its inhabitants being under the age of 25. This youthful demographic presents both opportunities and challenges in terms of education, employment, and social development.
• Health and Education: Djibouti faces challenges in the areas of healthcare and education. Access to quality healthcare services, particularly in rural areas, remains a concern. Efforts are being made to improve healthcare infrastructure, enhance medical services, and expand educational opportunities to ensure access to education for all.

Overall, Djibouti’s demographics reflect its diverse ethnic composition and cultural heritage. The country’s population growth, urbanization, and youthful demographic present opportunities for social and economic development, as well as the need for continued investment in healthcare, education, and social welfare to ensure the well-being and prosperity of its people.

EDUCATION

Education in Djibouti has been a key focus for the government, as it recognizes the importance of providing quality education to its population for social development and economic progress. Efforts have been made to improve access to education, enhance the quality of teaching and learning, and address challenges in the education sector.

• Education System: Djibouti follows a formal education system that includes three levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary education. Primary education is compulsory and free for all children aged 6 to 11. Secondary education is divided into lower secondary (collège) and upper secondary (lycée). Tertiary education is offered at universities and vocational institutes.
• Access to Education: Djibouti has made significant progress in increasing access to education. Efforts have been made to expand school infrastructure, particularly in rural areas, to ensure that all children have access to schools. The government has also implemented programs to promote enrollment and reduce gender disparities in education, aiming to improve access and retention rates for girls.
• Curriculum and Language: The curriculum in Djibouti’s education system is based on a combination of Arabic, French, and English. Arabic is used as the primary language of instruction, while French and English are taught as additional languages. The curriculum covers a range of subjects, including mathematics, sciences, social sciences, languages, and arts.
• Technical and Vocational Education: Djibouti has placed increasing emphasis on technical and vocational education and training (TVET) to equip students with practical skills that meet the demands of the job market. Vocational institutes offer specialized programs in fields such as agriculture, engineering, health sciences, and business administration.
• Higher Education: Djibouti has made efforts to expand higher education opportunities within the country. The University of Djibouti is the main public university, offering a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs. Additionally, partnerships with international institutions have been established to enhance higher education options and promote academic collaboration.
• Challenges: Despite progress, Djibouti faces challenges in its education sector. Access to quality education remains a concern, particularly in remote and marginalized areas. Limited resources and infrastructure, teacher shortages, and inadequate learning materials are some of the issues that need to be addressed. The government continues to work on improving these areas through increased investment and policy reforms.
• Literacy and Adult Education: Djibouti has focused on improving adult literacy rates through adult education programs. These initiatives aim to provide functional literacy skills to adults who were unable to receive formal education earlier in their lives. Adult education programs also support vocational training and skills development for lifelong learning.

The government of Djibouti has recognized the importance of education as a catalyst for social and economic development. It has implemented policies and programs to enhance access, quality, and relevance of education, aiming to equip its population with the skills and knowledge necessary for personal growth and national progress. Continued investment in education, along with targeted reforms, is vital to further strengthen the education sector in Djibouti.

HEALTHCARE

Healthcare in Djibouti has seen significant improvements over the years, but the country still faces challenges in providing accessible and quality healthcare services to its population. The government has prioritized healthcare as a crucial aspect of social development and has implemented various initiatives to enhance healthcare delivery.

• Healthcare Infrastructure: Djibouti has invested in expanding and upgrading healthcare infrastructure, including the construction and renovation of hospitals, clinics, and health centers. The country has healthcare facilities in urban areas as well as in rural regions to ensure that healthcare services are accessible to the entire population.
• Universal Healthcare Coverage: Djibouti has made efforts towards achieving universal healthcare coverage. The government has implemented schemes, such as the National Health Insurance Fund, to provide health insurance coverage to citizens, ensuring that they have access to essential healthcare services.
• Primary Healthcare: Djibouti has prioritized strengthening primary healthcare services as the foundation of its healthcare system. Primary healthcare centers and clinics offer basic healthcare services, including preventive care, immunizations, family planning, and treatment for common illnesses. Efforts have been made to expand the reach of primary healthcare services, particularly in remote areas.
• Maternal and Child Health: Djibouti has made progress in improving maternal and child health outcomes. The government has implemented programs to promote prenatal care, safe childbirth practices, and immunizations. Efforts have been made to reduce infant and child mortality rates and improve the overall well-being of mothers and children.
• Communicable Disease Control: Djibouti has implemented strategies to combat communicable diseases, including vaccination campaigns, health education, and surveillance programs. Efforts have been made to control diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and cholera. Djibouti has also collaborated with international partners and organizations to address cross-border health challenges.
• Human Resources for Health: Djibouti faces challenges in human resources for health, including shortages of skilled healthcare professionals, particularly in rural areas. The government has implemented programs to train and recruit healthcare workers to address these gaps. Efforts are also being made to improve the retention of healthcare professionals by providing incentives and professional development opportunities.
• Health Education and Promotion: Djibouti has emphasized health education and promotion to raise awareness about preventive healthcare practices, hygiene, nutrition, and lifestyle choices. Health education campaigns are conducted to educate the population on the importance of early detection and treatment of diseases and the adoption of healthy behaviors.

While Djibouti has made strides in improving healthcare, challenges remain, including limited resources, inadequate healthcare funding, and the need to address disparities in access to healthcare between urban and rural areas. Continued investment, capacity building, and partnerships with international organizations are essential to further strengthen the healthcare system and ensure equitable access to quality healthcare services for all Djiboutian citizens.

CULTURE

Djibouti is a culturally diverse country, with a rich heritage that reflects the influences of its various ethnic groups and historical connections to different civilizations. The culture of Djibouti is shaped by its indigenous traditions, Islamic heritage, and interactions with neighboring countries.

• Traditional Arts and Crafts: Djibouti’s cultural heritage is expressed through traditional arts and crafts. The Afar and Somali communities have distinct artistic traditions, including pottery, weaving, basketry, and jewelry-making. Traditional crafts often feature intricate designs and vibrant colors, showcasing the skill and creativity of local artisans.
• Oral Tradition: Djiboutian culture places a strong emphasis on oral tradition, with storytelling, proverbs, and poetry playing a significant role in preserving history, passing down knowledge, and entertaining communities. Oral performances, such as traditional dances and recitations, are essential aspects of social gatherings and celebrations.
• Cuisine: Djiboutian cuisine is influenced by its geographical location and cultural diversity. The cuisine combines elements of African, Arabian, and French culinary traditions. Staple foods include couscous, rice, millet, and flatbread. Dishes often feature lamb, goat, camel, and fish, accompanied by flavorful spices and herbs. Popular traditional dishes include skoudehkaris (meat and vegetable stew) and sabayad (pan-fried bread).
• Music and Dance: Music and dance play an integral role in Djiboutian culture. Traditional music features a blend of rhythmic beats, melodic instruments like the oud and the tambourine, and vocal performances. Traditional dances, such as the dervish dance and the warrior dance, are performed during festive occasions and cultural celebrations, showcasing the community’s cultural identity and heritage.
• Islamic Influence: Islam is deeply rooted in Djiboutian culture and plays a significant role in shaping daily life, social customs, and religious practices. Mosques are important community centers, where people gather for prayers, religious teachings, and community events. Islamic holidays, including Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, are celebrated with special prayers, feasts, and charitable activities.
• Festivals and Celebrations: Djibouti celebrates a range of cultural and religious festivals. The Festival of Djibouti, held annually in March, showcases the country’s diverse cultural heritage through music, dance, traditional performances, and food. Other religious festivals, such as Ramadan and Mawlid al-Nabi (the birth of the Prophet Muhammad), are observed with prayer, fasting, and community gatherings.
• Dress and Attire: Traditional attire in Djibouti varies among different ethnic groups. The Somali and Afar communities have distinct clothing styles. Men often wear a sarong-like garment called a macawiis, while women may wear colorful dresses and headscarves. Islamic modesty norms also influence the dress code, with many women wearing hijabs and traditional veils.

Djibouti’s cultural diversity and heritage are celebrated and preserved through various cultural events, community gatherings, and educational initiatives. The country’s cultural richness is an integral part of its identity, fostering a sense of unity and pride among its people.

NATURAL RESOURCES

Djibouti possesses a range of natural resources, although its resource base is relatively modest compared to some other countries. These resources contribute to the country’s economic activities and development.

• Geothermal Energy: Djibouti is known for its geothermal potential. The country is situated along the Great Rift Valley, a tectonic boundary with volcanic activity. Geothermal energy exploration and development projects are underway to harness this renewable energy source and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
• Minerals: Djibouti has mineral deposits, including potential reserves of minerals such as gold, clay, limestone, and gypsum. Exploration activities are ongoing to assess the extent and viability of these mineral resources for future extraction and utilization.
• Salt: Djibouti has salt flats and salt pans, particularly in the northern regions. Lake Assal, located in the Afar Depression, is known for its high concentration of salt. The country exports salt for industrial and domestic use, contributing to its economic activities.
• Fisheries: Djibouti has a coastline along the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, providing access to diverse marine resources. The country’s waters are home to various fish species, including tuna, sardines, and barracuda. Fishing and aquaculture activities contribute to the local economy and food security.
• Potential Oil and Gas Reserves: Djibouti is located in an area where potential oil and gas reserves have been identified in neighboring countries. While Djibouti’s own reserves have not been fully explored or exploited, there is potential for future discoveries.
• Strategic Location: Although not a physical resource, Djibouti’s strategic location at the entrance of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden is a valuable asset. It positions the country as a crucial transit point for international trade, serving as a hub for shipping, logistics, and transshipment activities.

While Djibouti’s natural resource base is relatively limited, efforts are being made to explore and utilize these resources sustainably and responsibly. The government, along with international partners, is working towards developing and diversifying the country’s resource sector, promoting investments, and enhancing resource management practices.

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Djibouti faces several environmental issues, which pose challenges to its ecosystems, natural resources, and overall environmental sustainability. These issues require attention and concerted efforts to mitigate their impacts and promote a more sustainable future.

• Water Scarcity: Djibouti experiences significant water scarcity due to its arid climate and limited freshwater resources. Access to clean and safe drinking water is a challenge for many communities, particularly in rural areas. Djibouti has implemented initiatives to improve water management, promote water conservation, and explore alternative water sources.
• Land Degradation: Land degradation, including soil erosion and desertification, is a pressing environmental issue in Djibouti. Overgrazing, unsustainable agricultural practices, and deforestation contribute to the degradation of land, reducing its productivity and exacerbating the challenges of food security and livelihoods.
• Biodiversity Loss: Djibouti’s unique ecosystems, such as its coastal areas, wetlands, and mountainous regions, are under threat from habitat destruction, climate change, and unsustainable human activities. The loss of biodiversity impacts the ecological balance, disrupts ecosystems, and diminishes the potential for nature-based tourism and sustainable resource utilization.
• Waste Management: Djibouti faces challenges in waste management, including proper disposal and recycling. Inadequate waste management infrastructure, improper waste disposal practices, and limited awareness of the importance of waste reduction and recycling contribute to environmental pollution and health risks.
• Climate Change: Djibouti is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, including rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. These changes have implications for agriculture, water resources, coastal areas, and human settlements, requiring adaptation strategies and resilience-building efforts.
• Marine Pollution: Djibouti’s coastal areas and marine ecosystems are susceptible to pollution from various sources, including maritime activities, waste disposal, and oil spills. Protecting marine biodiversity, promoting sustainable fishing practices, and addressing pollution sources are crucial for the preservation of coastal ecosystems and the marine environment.
• Renewable Energy Transition: Djibouti is working towards reducing its reliance on fossil fuels and transitioning to renewable energy sources. While progress has been made in harnessing geothermal energy and exploring wind and solar energy potential, further investments and policies are necessary to promote renewable energy adoption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Addressing these environmental issues requires a multi-faceted approach involving government policies, community engagement, sustainable practices, and international cooperation. Djibouti has demonstrated commitment to environmental conservation through initiatives such as national conservation strategies, awareness campaigns, and participation in international agreements related to climate change and biodiversity preservation. Continued efforts are essential to ensure a sustainable and resilient future for Djibouti’s environment and communities.

HUMAN RIGHTS

Djibouti has made progress in promoting and protecting human rights, and positive developments have been observed in recent years. Efforts have been made to strengthen legal frameworks, increase social awareness, and improve the overall human rights situation in the country.

• Legal Reforms: Djibouti has taken steps to enact legal reforms that promote human rights. The country has made amendments to its Constitution and laws to uphold fundamental rights and freedoms, including the right to life, equality before the law, and freedom of expression, association, and assembly.
• Freedom of Expression: Djibouti has seen improvements in the freedom of expression. There is a growing space for independent media outlets and civil society organizations to operate, facilitating the free exchange of ideas, public discourse, and open dialogue on various social and political issues.
• Women’s Rights: Djibouti has shown commitment to promoting gender equality and women’s rights. Legislative measures have been taken to combat gender-based violence and discrimination. The government has also implemented programs to enhance women’s empowerment, education, and participation in decision-making processes.
• Child Protection: Djibouti has prioritized child protection and welfare. Measures have been implemented to combat child labor, promote access to education, and ensure the rights of children. Efforts have been made to improve birth registration rates and protect children from exploitation and abuse.
• Access to Justice: Djibouti has worked to enhance access to justice for all citizens. Legal aid services have been expanded to ensure that individuals, particularly those from vulnerable groups, have access to legal representation and assistance. This contributes to a fairer and more equitable justice system.
• Human Rights Education: Djibouti has made efforts to raise awareness about human rights and foster a culture of respect for human dignity. Human rights education programs have been integrated into school curricula, promoting an understanding of rights and responsibilities among the younger generation.
• International Engagement: Djibouti has actively participated in international human rights mechanisms and cooperated with human rights organizations. By engaging in dialogue and collaboration, Djibouti has demonstrated its commitment to upholding human rights standards and improving its human rights record.

While positive strides have been made, challenges remain in fully ensuring and protecting human rights in Djibouti. Continued efforts are needed to address issues such as discrimination, freedom of the press, access to justice for all, and the protection of vulnerable groups. Djibouti’s commitment to human rights, coupled with sustained engagement and collaboration, will contribute to further advancements in the promotion and protection of human rights for all its citizens.

FOODS

Djiboutian cuisine is influenced by the country’s geographical location and cultural diversity. The cuisine incorporates flavors and ingredients from African, Arabian, and French culinary traditions. Here are some popular foods and dishes in Djibouti:

• Skoudehkaris: Skoudehkaris is a traditional Djiboutian dish made with rice, meat (usually goat or lamb), and a variety of vegetables such as carrots, tomatoes, onions, and peppers. It is typically seasoned with a blend of spices and served as a flavorful and hearty meal.
• Lahoh: Lahoh is a type of Somali pancake or flatbread that is a staple in Djibouti. It is made from a fermented batter of flour, water, and yeast and is cooked on a hot griddle. Lahoh is often served with honey, ghee (clarified butter), or stewed meats.
• Cambaabur: Cambaabur is a savory Somali snack similar to a pancake or crepe. It is made from a batter of ground lentils or chickpeas, mixed with onions, garlic, and spices, then fried until crispy. Cambaabur is often enjoyed with tea or served as an appetizer.
• Fah-fah: Fah-fah is a traditional Djiboutian soup made with lamb or goat meat, vegetables, and aromatic spices. It is often seasoned with coriander, cumin, and cardamom, giving it a rich and flavorful taste. Fah-fah is served hot and is considered a comforting dish, especially during cooler months.
• Hilib ari: Hilib ari is a popular Somali and Djiboutian dish consisting of grilled or roasted goat meat. The meat is marinated in a blend of spices, including garlic, ginger, coriander, and chili, before being cooked to perfection. It is often served with rice or flatbread and accompanied by a variety of sauces and side dishes.
• Maraq Fahfah: Maraq Fahfah is a spicy soup made with fish, tomato, onion, and a blend of spices such as cumin, turmeric, and chili powder. This flavorful fish soup is often served with bread or rice and is a popular dish along the coastal regions of Djibouti.
• Muufo: Muufo, also known as injera, is a type of Somali bread that is similar to Ethiopian injera. It is made from fermented dough of teff flour and water, resulting in a soft and spongy texture. Muufo is typically served with stews, curries, or as a base for various toppings and fillings.
• Somali Tea: Somali tea, known as shaah, is a popular beverage in Djibouti. It is a sweet and spiced tea made with black tea leaves, cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, and sometimes ginger. The tea is often prepared with a generous amount of sugar and is traditionally served in small glasses.

These are just a few examples of the delicious foods and flavors you can experience in Djibouti. The cuisine reflects the country’s diverse cultural influences and offers a unique culinary experience for both locals and visitors.

TRAVEL DESTINATIONS

Djibouti offers a range of unique travel destinations that showcase its natural beauty, cultural heritage, and historical significance. Here are some notable travel destinations in Djibouti:

• Lake Assal: Located in the Afar Depression, Lake Assal is a stunning saltwater lake known for its incredible salt formations and crystalline waters. It is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world and sits at the lowest point in Africa. The stark beauty of the surrounding landscape and the opportunity to float in the buoyant waters make Lake Assal a must-visit destination.
• Day Forest National Park: Situated near the Gulf of Tadjoura, Day Forest National Park offers a unique blend of woodland, wetlands, and coastal plains. The park is home to diverse plant and animal species, including baboons, antelopes, and numerous bird species. Visitors can enjoy hiking trails, birdwatching, and picnicking in this natural haven.
• Goda Mountains: The Goda Mountains, part of the Afar Triangle, feature rugged peaks, deep valleys, and volcanic formations. Mount Moussa Ali, the highest point in Djibouti, offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The Goda Mountains provide opportunities for hiking, trekking, and exploring the geological wonders of the region.
• Tadjoura: Tadjoura is a picturesque town located along the Gulf of Tadjoura. It boasts beautiful beaches, historic buildings, and a vibrant local market. The town’s charm lies in its laid-back atmosphere and traditional architecture, making it a delightful destination for those seeking a relaxed coastal experience.
• Moucha Island: Moucha Island is a small island off the coast of Djibouti known for its crystal-clear waters and coral reefs. It offers excellent opportunities for snorkeling, diving, and swimming. The island’s serene and unspoiled beaches make it an ideal spot for relaxation and enjoying the beauty of the Red Sea.
• Djibouti City: The capital city, Djibouti City, is a bustling urban center with a mix of modern and traditional elements. Explore the lively markets, visit historical sites such as the Central Mosque and the Presidential Palace, and indulge in local cuisine. The city is also a great base for exploring the surrounding attractions.
• Arta Beach: Located near Djibouti City, Arta Beach is a popular spot for locals and tourists alike. It offers a picturesque coastline, white sandy beaches, and clear turquoise waters. Visitors can enjoy swimming, sunbathing, and beachside picnics in this idyllic setting.

These travel destinations in Djibouti offer a glimpse into the country’s natural wonders, cultural heritage, and stunning landscapes. Whether you’re interested in adventure, relaxation, or cultural exploration, Djibouti has something to offer for every type of traveler.

CELEBRITIES

Djibouti is a small country with a modest presence in the global entertainment industry. However, there are a few notable individuals who have achieved recognition in various fields. Here are a few celebrities from Djibouti:

• Barkhad Abdi: Barkhad Abdi is an actor and director of Djiboutian descent who gained international acclaim for his role as Muse in the film “Captain Phillips” (2013). He received critical praise and was nominated for several awards, including an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.
• K’naan: K’naan, whose full name is Keinan Abdi Warsame, is a Somali-Canadian rapper, singer-songwriter, and poet. Although he was born in Somalia, he spent part of his childhood in Djibouti before moving to Canada. K’naan is known for his socially conscious lyrics and hit songs such as “Wavin’ Flag,” which became the anthem for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
• Dahabo Abdi: Dahabo Abdi is a prominent fashion model and beauty queen from Djibouti. She gained recognition by participating in the Miss World pageant in 2014, representing her country on the international stage.
• Ayanleh Souleiman: Ayanleh Souleiman is a middle-distance runner from Djibouti. He has achieved success in international athletics competitions, notably winning silver medals in the 800 meters at the 2013 and 2015 World Championships. Souleiman is considered one of Djibouti’s most accomplished athletes.

It’s important to note that Djibouti’s entertainment industry is still developing, and the number of internationally recognized celebrities from the country is relatively small. However, these individuals have made significant contributions to their respective fields and have helped put Djibouti on the global map in terms of talent and creativity.

NEWSPAPERS

Djibouti has a number of newspapers that provide news coverage on a range of topics, including local and international news, politics, economy, culture, and sports. Here are some prominent newspapers in Djibouti:

• La Nation: La Nation is a daily newspaper published in French, serving as one of the leading sources of news in Djibouti. It covers a wide range of topics, including politics, economy, social issues, and culture. La Nation is known for its comprehensive coverage of national and international news.
• Le Renouveau: Le Renouveau is a weekly newspaper published in French, focusing on political, economic, and social news. It provides analysis and commentary on current affairs, interviews with key figures, and features on various topics of interest to the Djiboutian population.
• La République de Djibouti: La République de Djibouti is a weekly newspaper published in French. It covers local news, politics, social issues, and cultural events. The newspaper aims to provide comprehensive coverage of Djibouti’s current affairs and developments.
• Al-Qarn: Al-Qarn is a weekly Arabic-language newspaper that covers a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, culture, and sports. It provides news and analysis from a local and international perspective, catering to Arabic-speaking readers in Djibouti.
• Le Renouveau Djiboutien: Le Renouveau Djiboutien is a monthly newspaper published in French, focusing on cultural and social topics. It covers events, traditions, and achievements in the arts, music, literature, and other cultural domains in Djibouti.

These newspapers contribute to the dissemination of information and play an important role in keeping the population informed about local, national, and global events. Readers can access these newspapers in print form or through their online editions. It’s worth noting that the media landscape in Djibouti is evolving, and new sources of news and information are emerging in response to technological advancements and changing media consumption habits.

TV CHANNELS

Djibouti has several television channels that provide a variety of programming, including news, entertainment, sports, and cultural content. Here are some notable TV channels in Djibouti:

• RTD (Radiodiffusion Télévision de Djibouti): RTD is the state-owned national broadcaster of Djibouti. It operates several TV channels, including RTD1 and RTD2. RTD1 broadcasts news, documentaries, cultural programs, and entertainment shows. RTD2 focuses on sports, youth-oriented content, and international programs.
• Djibouti TV: Djibouti TV is a private television channel that offers a mix of local and international programming. It covers a range of topics, including news, politics, entertainment, and cultural events.
• Al-Kahera TV: Al-Kahera TV is an Arabic-language television channel based in Djibouti. It provides news, current affairs, and cultural programs catering to the Arabic-speaking population in the country.
• Somali National Television (SNTV): SNTV is a Somali-language television channel that broadcasts in Djibouti. It offers a mix of news, entertainment, and cultural programs targeting the Somali-speaking population in Djibouti.
• Canal 7: Canal 7 is a private television channel in Djibouti that focuses on news and current affairs. It provides coverage of local and international news, as well as political analysis and discussions.

These TV channels contribute to the media landscape in Djibouti, providing a platform for news dissemination, entertainment, and cultural expression. Viewers can access these channels through traditional television broadcasting or online streaming platforms. It’s important to note that the availability and programming of TV channels may vary, and new channels may emerge in response to the evolving media landscape in Djibouti.

RADIO

Djibouti has a vibrant radio broadcasting scene, with several radio stations offering a variety of programs catering to different interests and demographics. Here are some notable radio stations in Djibouti:

• Radio Djibouti: Radio Djibouti is the state-owned national radio broadcaster. It operates several channels, including Radio Djibouti FM, Radio Djibouti Culture, and Radio Djibouti Jeunesse. These channels provide news, cultural programs, music, and entertainment for the Djiboutian population.
• RTD (Radiodiffusion Télévision de Djibouti): In addition to television broadcasting, RTD also operates radio stations. RTD Radio offers news, music, and cultural programs, while Radio FM Plus focuses on entertainment, music, and popular talk shows.
• Radio-Sud FM: Radio-Sud FM is a popular private radio station that caters to the southern regions of Djibouti. It offers a mix of news, music, cultural programs, and community-based content.
• Radio Television Nabila (RTN): RTN is a private radio station that broadcasts in Djibouti, providing news, music, entertainment, and interactive talk shows.
• Radio Somalie: Radio Somalie is an Arabic-language radio station that primarily serves the Somali-speaking population in Djibouti. It offers news, music, and cultural programs in Somali.

These radio stations play an important role in keeping the population informed, entertained, and connected. They provide a platform for news dissemination, cultural preservation, music, and community engagement. Listeners can tune in to these radio stations through traditional radio receivers or access them online through live streaming platforms. The radio broadcasting scene in Djibouti continues to evolve, with new stations and programming emerging to meet the changing needs and interests of the listeners.

FACTS

Here are some interesting facts about Djibouti:

• Djibouti is a small country located in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west, and Somalia to the southeast. It also has coastline along the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden.
• The capital and largest city of Djibouti is also called Djibouti City.
• Djibouti gained independence from France on June 27, 1977, becoming the Republic of Djibouti.
• Djibouti is one of the smallest countries in Africa, with a land area of approximately 23,200 square kilometers (8,958 square miles).
• The official languages of Djibouti are Arabic and French, reflecting its historical ties to Arab and French colonial influences.
• Djibouti is strategically located at the entrance to the Red Sea and serves as a major transit point for international trade, connecting Africa, Asia, and Europe.
• The economy of Djibouti relies heavily on its ports, which are key transportation hubs and facilitate trade with neighboring countries.
• Djibouti is home to the only permanent military base of the United States in Africa, known as Camp Lemonnier. It is also a host to military bases of other countries, including France, China, and Japan.
• Lake Assal, located in Djibouti, is the lowest point in Africa, sitting at 155 meters (509 feet) below sea level. It is also one of the saltiest lakes in the world.
• Djibouti is known for its hot and arid climate, with high temperatures and very little rainfall throughout the year.
• Djibouti is ethnically diverse, with the two largest ethnic groups being the Somali and Afar communities. There are also smaller Arab and French communities.
• Islam is the predominant religion in Djibouti, with Sunni Islam being the most widely practiced.
• Djibouti is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, and the Arab League, among other international organizations.
• Djibouti has a unique geological feature called the Afar Triangle, known for its volcanic activity, including the Erta Ale volcano.
• The Djiboutian franc (DJF) is the official currency of Djibouti.
• Djibouti has a diverse and rich cultural heritage, influenced by its Arab, Somali, Afar, and French roots.
• The traditional music of Djibouti includes genres such as the Somali-based “Dhaanto” and “Buur” and the Afar “Ardaa.”
• Djibouti has a small film industry, with notable films like “Djibouti: les Enfants du Lagon” showcasing local stories and cultural heritage.
• Djibouti is known for its traditional handwoven textiles, such as the “Dirac” and “Macawiis,” which are worn by men and women for special occasions.
• Djibouti has several national parks and protected areas, including Day Forest National Park, which is known for its diverse flora and fauna.
• The national dish of Djibouti is called “Skoudehkaris,” which is a flavorful rice and meat dish cooked with a variety of vegetables and spices.
• Djibouti has a low population density, with a population of around one million people.
• The telecom sector in Djibouti has made significant progress, with the country being a major hub for international fiber optic cables connecting Africa to the rest of the world.
• Djibouti has made efforts to promote renewable energy sources, such as geothermal energy, to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
• Djibouti is home to diverse wildlife, including species like the Somali ostrich, Grevy’s zebra, and the Djibouti francolin.
• The traditional sport of Djibouti is called “Laamb” or “Djiboutian wrestling,” which is a popular form of wrestling in the region.
• Djibouti has hosted various international events, including the African Cup of Nations qualifiers and the Indian Ocean Island Games.
• Djibouti’s education system has seen improvements, with efforts to enhance access to education and promote literacy among its population.
• Djibouti has multiple languages spoken within its borders, including Somali, Afar, Arabic, French, and various local dialects.
• Djibouti has a rich history, with archaeological sites such as the ancient town of Tadjoura and the rock art of Asa Koma providing glimpses into its past civilizations.

These facts provide a glimpse into the diverse aspects of Djibouti, including its geography, culture, history, and economy.